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How to avoid wind spots during tempered glass furnace operation?
Release time:
2021-04-01
Those familiar with tempered glass know that improper operation during the tempering process can lead to the formation of wind spots on the glass, affecting its aesthetic appeal. So, what are wind spots, and how can their formation during the tempering process be avoided?
1. What are wind spots?
Wind spots, also known as stress spots, are optical effects caused by the birefringence of glass due to internal stresses (in glass sheets tempered in a tempering furnace). This phenomenon occurs under polarized or partially polarized light, such as the clear northern sky or sunlight reflecting off the glass at a necessary polarization angle.
(Distinct "dark streaks" are visible when multiple glass sheets are stacked; these are wind spots.)
Wind spots have a rainbow-like effect. They may resemble checkerboards or chains, or more often, appear as multiple concentric rings due to the action of the air nozzles in commonly used horizontal and automotive glass tempering furnaces. These multiple ring stress spots are usually visible in reflected car light, especially when using polarized sunglasses or polarizing clips, as polarized glass only allows polarized light to pass through, and tempered glass acts like a partial polarizer.
2. The formation of wind spots:
Wind spots are typically formed during the cooling process in a tempering furnace due to uneven cooling. Stress spots are sometimes visible on tempered and heat-strengthened glass. Stress spots visible under certain lighting conditions are a characteristic of all tempered and heat-strengthened glass and should not be considered product defects. Once stress spots appear under certain lighting conditions, they cannot be eliminated. To a certain extent, it is also a characteristic point to identify tempered glass. The presence of wind spots indicates that the glass has undergone heat strengthening. However, well-designed tempering furnaces can minimize the visibility of stress spots.
Stress spots in tempered and semi-tempered glass visible under certain lighting conditions are an optical phenomenon similar to diffraction grating. When visible light contacts heat-strengthened glass (tempered and semi-tempered glass), the light waves propagate at different speeds along the x (width) and y (length) axes of the glass sheet. This optical phenomenon is known as a grating (light polarization). The phenomenon results from the compressive stress on the surface and the tensile stress at the center of the glass, stemming from the tempering or heat-strengthening process. In fact, light polarization is an inherent property of heat-strengthened glass and can be used for non-destructive testing of the surface compressive stress of tempered and semi-tempered glass using optical instruments such as DSR (surface differential refractometer) and GASP (contact angle polarimeter). Tempered glass has obvious wind spots.
3. Effective control of wind spots:
Cause 1: After the glass exits the furnace, the oscillation of the air nozzles is interrupted, causing the nozzles to continuously blow air onto one area of the glass. Solution: Maintain continuous oscillation of the air nozzles, and promptly clean any broken glass within the nozzle array.
Cause 2: The air nozzles are positioned too close to the glass. Solution: Increase the height of the air nozzles appropriately, without affecting the grain size and other quality requirements of the glass. However, this is a processing method during glass production, and it is generally difficult to deal with after the product is made!
The above is a summary of methods for dealing with wind spots during the operation of a tempering furnace. For more information, please continue to follow us.
Wind, glass, stress, tempered glass, enhanced, polarization, processing, method, under the conditions, certain
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